Electronics Fundamentals: Circuits, Devices & Applications (8th Edition)

Chapter 16

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Covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of ... more

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An intrinsic material, in atomic bonding theory, ... more

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A crystal is a three-dimensional solid material ... more

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Eight ; There are four electrons in the valence ... more

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In a semiconductor, free electrons and valence ... more

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In an intrinsic semiconductor, when an electron ... more

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The energy difference between the valance band and... more

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When the pentavalent impurity atoms is added to ... more

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When the trivalent impurity atoms is added to the ... more

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The current carriers (electrons or holes) which ... more

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When P-type semiconductors are overlapped or fused... more

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The depletion region is free from majority or ... more

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When there is no biasing across the P-N junction, ... more

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0.7 V ; The barrier potential of silicon at the ... more

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Forward bias and reverse bias. ; Bias means the ... more

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Forward bias. ; In the forward biased condition, ... more

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Reverse bias. ; In reverse bias, the n-region of ... more

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A diode is said to be in a reverse-breakdown ... more

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; The arrowhead in the symbol points in the ... more

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In the forward bias condition, the diode conducts ... more

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Reverse ; An ideal diode can be imagined as an ... more

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The major difference between a practical model and... more

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The peak inverse voltage (PIV) is found at of the... more

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For a half-wave rectifier, the current flows ... more

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3.18 V ; From the figure, for the given half-cycle... more

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38.2 V ; For a full wave rectifier, if the peak ... more

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Even when the input voltage and the turns ratio of... more

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When the diode is reverse-biased, the portion of ... more

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The charging and discharging actions of the ... more

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Ripple voltage increases due to the reduction in ... more

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Some of the main advantages of the Three terminal ... more

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Line regulation determines the alteration in the ... more

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The Zener diode is used to keep the output voltage... more

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; For a Zener diode with a Zener voltage a ... more

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A varactor diode isbasically a reverse biased P-N ... more

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The capacitance of the diode reduces as the ... more

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The basic difference between the LED (light ... more

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Dark current. ; Ideally it can be said that no ... more

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The output voltage appearing across the load ... more

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If one of the diodesin a full-wave rectifier is ... more

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In a full-wave bridge rectifier, any of the short-... more

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If the capacitor becomes very leaky, the ripple ... more

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If the primary winding of a rectifier opens, the ... more

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The following can be the reasons for the problem:... more

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The types of diode used in the system are given ... more

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Resistor is placed on the power supply/emitter ... more

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If the voltage is to be maintained at a constant 8... more

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The Infrared LED (light emitting diode) ... more

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The photodiode (circuited in the detector) ... more

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When a silicon crystal is doped with a trivalent ... more

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In an n-type material, n represents the negative ... more

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The barrier potential is the potential that is ... more

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The current flowing in the diode is prevented by ... more

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The frequency of a waveform is the number of ... more

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In the full-wave rectifier, the input sinusoidal ... more

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In a bridge rectifier, four diodes are connected ... more

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Line regulation refers to how much the output ... more

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The operation of a zener diode, a photo-diode, and... more

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Zener diodes are made to operate in the reverse-... more

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Atomic glue is responsible for the strongforce ... more

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The valence band is the band where the electrons ... more

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When an electron leaves the valence band, it ... more

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Recombination is the process of combining ... more

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The current leaving the node is known as negative ... more

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n-type semiconductors are created whenan atom with... more

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A diode is fabricated by introducinga pentavalent ... more

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The zone having a zero value of Electric Field is ... more

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Every electronic device requires a fixed bias ... more

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Positive and negative are related to the polarity ... more

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A diode blocks the current in reverse direction... more

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A barrier potential of 0.7 V exists across the ... more

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It is a type of circuit that reshapes the input ... more

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Half-wave rectification is obtained for one half-... more

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A single diode is a unidirectional device that ... more

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The peak inverse voltage (PIV) of a half-wave ... more

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The frequency cannot be halved as the output ... more

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Single and dual diodes indicate the number of ... more

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Central tap rectifier has two diodes, each of ... more

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If only one diode is ON, the output voltage would ... more

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A capacitor input filter is used to filter out the... more

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The average voltage of the DC power supply is the ... more

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A zener diode is used in the applications where a ... more

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Zener diodes allow a wide range of currents to ... more

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Varactor diodes are designed to operate in reverse... more

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Forward bias is a condition, and not a principle ... more

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Photodiodes operate in the reverse bias such that ... more

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Silicon and Germanium. ; As the name suggests, a ... more

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Four valence electrons are found in a ... more

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One atom of silicon forms four covalent bonds. ; ... more

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When the temperature increases, the electrical ... more

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The two energy levels are as given below:Valence ... more

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Doping is the process of adding impurities to the ... more

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Antimony is a n-type impurity.Boron is a p-type ... more

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A hole is the absence of an electron, which is ... more

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The falling of an electron from the conduction ... more

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In the PN junction, diffusion takes place between ... more

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A diode cannot act as a source of voltage. The ... more

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To the p-region ; A diode is said to be in the ... more

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Through a forward-biased diode, a large amount of ... more

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The following circuit diagram can be used to ... more

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Increase in temperature ; The value of the barrier... more

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A diode is said to be operating in the reverse ... more

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With respect to the ground,voltages at point A, B... more

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63.7 V ; Use the relation between the average ... more

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; The following steps have been taken to draw the... more

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The diode with the rated PIV of 50 V, will be ... more

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84.15 V ; The RMS (root mean square) value of the ... more

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47.75 V ; Use the relation between the average ... more

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; Use the formula for the average output voltage ... more

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; The difference between the traditional center-... more

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78.5 V ; For a full-wave bridge rectifier, the ... more

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Peak ; The capacitor input-filter consists of a ... more

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; The RMS value of the voltage of the input is ... more

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  ; The load regulation of a voltage regulator is ... more

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; Percentage line regulation is the ratio between... more

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; The Zener diode equivalent circuit is a ... more

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; Using Ohm’s law, calculate the Zener impedance... more

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9 pF ; According to the graph, the capacitance at ... more

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; From the graph, find the point on the Y-axis ... more

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The working of the circuit is described below:When... more

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Dark current ; Ideally, it can be said that no ... more

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A short-circuited capacitor or an open-circuited ... more

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